STS-93

**STS-93**
Organization	NASA-Office of Space Flight (United States)
Mission type	Astronomy,Engineering,Human Crew,Life Science,Microgravity
Launch date	July 23, 1999
Launch vehicle	Space Shuttle
Launch site	Cape Canaveral, United States
COSPAR ID	1999-040A
Inclination	28.45 degrees
Experiments	Here
Alternate Names	25866
Additional Information	Here
Telecommunications Information	Here
Data Collection	Here
Payload Mass Up	22583.91 kg
Payload Mass Down	3049.55 kg
Orbiter	Columbia
Lift Off Mass	2,056,805.45 kg
Orbiter Weight at Liftoff	122,903.18 kg
Orbiter Weight at Landing	91,971.82 kg
Landed	Concrete runway 33 at Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
Orbits of Earth	80
Orbital Altitude	153 nautical miles (176 statute miles)

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[edit] Crew

Commander: Eileen M. Collins
Pilot: Jeffrey S. Ashby
- Payload Commander:
- Mission Specialist 1: Steven A. Hawley
- Mission Specialist 2: Catherine G. Coleman
- Mission Specialist 3: Michael Tognini, Centre National d'Etades Spatiales (CNES)
- Mission Specialist 4:
- Mission Specialist 5:
- Payload Specialist 1:
- Payload Specialist 2:

ISS/Mir Crew Transport

[edit] Mission

The primary objective of the STS 93 mission was to deploy the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility. AFAX was the most sophisticated X-ray observatory ever built. It was designed to observe X-rays from high energy regions of the universe, such as hot gas in the remnants of exploding stars. It was renamed the Chandra X-Ray Observatory in honor of the late Indian-American Nobel Laureate Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar. "Chandra" also means "moon" or "luminous" in Sanskrit. Other payloads on STS 93 were: Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX); Shuttle Ionospheric Modification with Pulsed Local Exhaust (SIMPLEX); Southwest Ultraviolet Imaging System (SWUIS); Gelation of Sols: Applied Microgravity Research (GOSAMR); Space Tissue Loss-B (STL-B); Light Weight Flexible Solar Array Hinge (LFSAH); Cell Culture Module (CCM); Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment-II (SAREX-II); EarthKam; Plant Growth Investigations in Microgravity (PGIM); Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (CGBA); Micro-Electrical Mechanical System (MEMS); and the Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC). This mission also featured the first female shuttle commander, Eileen Collins. Columbia landed at Kennedy Space Center on July 27, 1999 at 11:20 EDT. The crew consisted of the following: Eileen M. Collins - Mission Commander; Jeffrey S. Ashby - Pilot; Steven A. Hawley - Mission Specialist; Catherine G. Coleman - Mission Specialist; Michel Tognini(CNES) - Mission Specialist.

[edit] EVA

[edit] Payload

Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO); Plant Growth Investigations in Microgravity 1; Southwest Ultraviolet Imaging System; Gelation of Sols: Applied Microgravity Research; Space Tissue Loss; Lightweight Flexible Solar Array Hinge; Cell Culture Module, Configuration C; Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment II; Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus; Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems; Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC)

Mission patch: