Aug 4 1965
From The Space Library
The Senate-House conference committee reported the Independent Offices Appropriation to the House and Senate. The report (#727) provided for NASA $4,531,000,000 for research and development instead of $4,521,000,000 proposed by the House and $4,536,971,000 proposed by the Senate; $60,000,000 for construction of facilities as proposed by the House instead of $62,376,350 proposed by the Senate; $584,000,000 for administrative operations instead of $579,000,000 proposed by the House and $590,957,850 proposed by the Senate. Senate language authorizing appropriation reimbursement was retained. House provision on payment of indirect costs of research grants was retained. (CR, 8/4/65, D746; Conf. Rpt, 727)
TIROS X meteorological satellite photographed an area of unusual cloudiness in the Atlantic about 2,400 mi, east-southeast of Miami, the Miami Weather Bureau said. A hurricane-hunter aircraft would be sent to check. (Miami Her., 8/5/65)
There exists a serious misunderstanding about the U.S. space program, Dr. Edward C. Welsh, Executive Secretary of the National Aeronautics and Space Council, told the Tenth Symposium on Space and Ballistic Missile Technology in San Diego: "All too many people seem to have the impression that part of our program is peaceful in intent while the other part is something different, presumably non-peaceful. This misconception goes further by attempting to identify the non-peaceful and the non-scientific with the military and to credit the peaceful and scientific to the civilian... The fact is-in both policy and practice -that all of our space activities are peaceful... Just in case it may have been forgotten, let me quote from our highest policy level. In 1962, President Johnson, then Vice President and the Chairman of the National Aeronautics and Space Council, stated: 'The United States does not have a division between peaceful and non-peaceful objectives for space but rather has space missions to help keep the peace and space missions to improve our ability to live well in peace... "In 1964, as President, he said: 'Our space program, in both its civil and military aspects, is peaceful in purpose and practice... "I ... am not saying that space cannot be used for purposes of aggression ... no nation should bury itself in sands of complacency and thereby neglect to develop the technological and military strength so necessary for deterring potential aggressors. The maintenance of such strength in no respect conflicts with the policy of peace, In fact, the more competent we are to prevent surprise, to discover aggressive maneuvers, and to intercept hostile weapons in any medium, the better chance we have of living in peace... "When I state, therefore, that our entire national space program is peaceful, I mean that we have no aggressive intent, that we seek no domination over other peoples, and that we are eager to share the benefits of space exploration with all mankind." (Text)
NASA selected three firms to design the Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Packages (ALSEP) under separate and concurrent $500,000, six-month, fixed-price contracts. The firms were Bendix Systems Div, Bendix Corp,; Space-General Corp,; and TRW Systems Group, Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge, Inc, Packages would contain scientific instruments to measure the moon's structure and surface characteristics, atmosphere, heat flow, solar wind, radiation, and micrometeorite impacts. They would be carried to the moon on the initial Apollo space-flights and placed on the surface by astronauts. Instruments would transmit data back to earth for six months to one year. (NASA Release 65-260)
Personnel of NASA Manned Spacecraft Center would be augmented to meet the increasing tempo of Gemini and Apollo manned space flight operations, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center announced. Over the next ten months, approximately 200 persons would be transferred from MSFC to MSC. Total number of personnel to be provided from other NASA activities had not been determined. ( MSFC Release 65-199)
In an article in the Orlando Evening Star, Barry Goldwater said: "Defense Secretary Robert McNamara has indicated that space weapons are too costly, as though any dollar cost is too high for the security of 190 million Americans and a billion allies and friends. The only major space-military program McNamara has permitted to stay alive is the Manned Orbital Laboratory, and he has so slowed and limited this that its orbit is apparently toward nothing but bureaucratic extinction. "We have deployed one or two so-called 'satellite killers,' but they are a pitiful particle of what really is needed. "Pictures of Mars are fine, So is a trip to the moon, But the first job of any administration is to secure the nation against its enemies. "We will not remain the most powerful nation on earth for long if we do not reverse the suicidal Johnson-McNamara refusal to let us arm ourselves in space." (Orl, Eve. Star, 8/4/65)
"Absence of proper space laws may lead to dangerous conflicts and complications not only in this sphere of man's activities but also in purely terrestrial affairs," said Genadii Zhukov, scientific secretary of the Soviet Space Law Commission in an interview with Krasnaya Zvezda. The resolution adopted by the U.N. General Assembly on Dec, 13, 1963, had confirmed that outer space was open to all states. However, he stressed, the resolution made special reservations about the impermissibility of using sputniks for war propaganda and for inciting enmity between peoples: "All states must refrain from potentially harmful experiments in outer space or any other steps liable to interfere with the peaceful use of such space by other countries," Zhukov noted that in connection with the prospects of creating permanent orbital stations, the need would arise to determine their legal status, as well as conditions of their use by other countries. As human beings made further inroads into outer space, the problem of determining the legal status of stations and settlements on the moon and on other celestial bodies, the conditions for tapping their natural resources, would become important, He added: "Space law must also guarantee protection of other living worlds if such are discovered on distant planets." (Tass, 8/4/65)
August 4-5: Some 300 representatives of industry, NASA, and other agencies attended a conference on design of leak-tight fluid connectors at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Sponsored by MSFC and the Society of Automotive Engineers, the conference was planned to promote direct exchange of technical information on separable, semipermanent, and permanent fluid connectors. (MSFC Release 65-196)
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