Jan 23 2013

From The Space Library

RELEASE: 13-030 - NASA TELESCOPE OBSERVES HOW SUN STORES AND RELEASES ENERGY --WASHINGTON -- A NASA suborbital telescope has given scientists the first clear evidence of energy transfer from the sun's magnetic field to the solar atmosphere or corona. This process, known as solar braiding, has been theorized by researchers, but remained unobserved until now. Researchers were able to witness this phenomenon in the highest resolution images ever taken of the solar corona. These images were obtained by the agency's High Resolution Coronal Imager (Hi-C) telescope, which was launched from the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico in July 2012. Scientists have tried for decades to understand how the sun's dynamic atmosphere is heated to millions of degrees, said Hi-C principal investigator Jonathan Cirtain, a heliophysicist at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. "Because of the level of solar activity, we were able to clearly focus on an active sunspot, and obtain some remarkable images. Seeing this for the first time is a major advance in understanding how our sun continuously generates the vast amount of energy needed to heat its atmosphere." The telescope, the centerpiece of a payload weighing 464 pounds and measuring 10-feet long, flew for about 10 minutes and captured 165 images of a large, active region in the sun's corona. The telescope acquired data for five minutes, taking one image every five seconds. Initial image sequences demonstrated the evolution of the magnetic field and showed the repeated release of energy through activity seen on the sun at temperatures of 2 million to 4 million degrees. Many of the stars in the universe have magnetic fields. The evolution of these fields is used to explain the emission of the star and any events like flares. Understanding how the magnetic field of the sun heats the solar atmosphere helps explain how all magnetized stars evolve. These observations ultimately will lead to better predictions for space weather because the evolution of the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere drives all solar eruptions. These eruptions can reach Earth's atmosphere and affect operations of Earth-orbiting communication and navigation satellites. The images were made possible by a set of innovations on Hi-C's optics array. The telescope's mirrors were approximately 9 1/2 inches across. New techniques for grinding the optics and polishing the surfaces were developed for the mirrors. Scientists and engineers worked to complete alignment of the mirrors, maintaining optic spacing to within a few ten-thousandths of an inch. The Hi-C observations are part of a technology demonstration that will enable a future generation of telescopes to solve the fundamental questions concerning the heating of the solar atmosphere and the origins of space weather, said Jeffrey Newmark, sounding rocket program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Hi-C's resolution is about five times finer than the imaging instrument aboard NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) launched in February 2010 to study the sun and its dynamic behavior. The Hi-C images complement global sun observations continuously taken by SDO. NASA's suborbital sounding rockets provide low-cost means to conduct space science and studies of Earth's upper atmosphere. The Hi-C mission cost about $5 million. This suborbital mission has given us a unique look into the workings of the sun addressing a major mystery in nature. Hi-C has demonstrated that high value science can be achieved on a small budget, said John Grunsfeld, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD) in Washington. "NASA's sounding rocket program is a key training ground for the next generation of scientists, in addition to developing new space technologies." Partners associated with the development of the Hi-C telescope include the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Mass.; L-3Com/Tinsley Laboratories in Richmond, Calif.; Lockheed Martin's Solar Astrophysical Laboratory in Palo Alto, Calif.; the University of Central Lancashire in England; and the Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., built, operates and manages SDO for SMD.

RELEASE: C13-004 - NASA AWARDS PROTECTIVE SERVICES CONTRACT --WASHINGTON -- NASA has awarded a protective services follow-on contract to Alutiiq Pacific LLC of Anchorage, Alaska, which consolidates services at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., and its three affiliated facilities in the United States. The contract, valued at about $65 million, sets a firm fixed-price for core services and includes an indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity component for additional services as needed. The phase-in period begins Feb. 1 and full performance begins April 1 for Goddard; NASA's Wallops Flight Facility on Wallops Island, Va.; and NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York. Performance at NASA's Independent Verification and Validation Facility in Fairmont, W.Va., begins Oct. 1. The contractor will provide physical security and armed uniformed services, patrol operations, K-9 services, emergency medical technicians, identification management, badging and access control. Additional services include security investigations, evidence collection, emergency management, incident command and response, continuity of operations, electronic security systems, locksmith services, and document control.

MEDIA ADVISORY: M13-019 - IOWA STUDENTS SPEAK LIVE WITH NASA SPACE STATION ASTRONAUTS JAN. 25 --WASHINGTON -- Students in Davenport, Iowa, will speak with NASA Expedition 34 astronauts Kevin Ford and Tom Marshburn, currently aboard the International Space Station, at 1 p.m. EST Friday, Jan. 25. This educational event will take place at the Putnam Museum of History and Natural Science and be carried live on NASA Television and the agency's website. NASA activities have been incorporated into classes at local schools in preparation for the air-to-ground conversation with the astronauts. Linking students directly to the astronauts aboard the station provides them with an authentic, live experience of space exploration, space study, and the science of space travel, and the possibilities of life in space. This in-flight education downlink is one in a series with educational organizations in the United States to improve teaching and learning in the areas of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, or STEM. It is an integral component of NASA's Teaching From Space education program, which promotes learning opportunities and builds partnerships with the education community using the unique environment of space and NASA's human spaceflight program.