January 1973
From The Space Library
“Studying Wildlife by Satellite” article appears in National Geographic Magazine
NASA issued The Interplanetary Pioneers, Vol. 1, Summary (NASA SP-278). The three-volume series by William R. Corliss traced NASA's Pioneer program from its May 1960 inception through Pioneer 9 (launched Nov. 8, 1968). The program had begun with the launch of early lunar probes Pioneer 1 through 5 by Ames Research.
Center. Later Pioneers - Pioneer 6 (launched Dec. 16, 1965), Pioneer 7 (launched Aug. 17, 1966), Pioneer 8 (launched Dec. 13, 1967), and Pioneer 9 - had been the first spacecraft to orbit the sun systematically at widely separated points in space. They had collected information on space, solar winds, and cosmic radiation of both solar and galactic origin. The Pioneers had been "superbly reliable scientific explorers, sending back information far in excess of their design lifetimes over a period that covers much of the solar cycle."
Vol. 11, System Design and Development (SP-279), and Vol. III, Operations (SP-280), had been issued in 1972. (Text)
The National Science Foundation published Scientists, Engineers, and Physicians from Abroad: Trends through Fiscal Year 1970 (NSF 72-312). A total of 13 300 immigrant scientists and engineers admitted to U.S. in 1970 was an increase of one third over 1969 and two and one half times the 1965 total. Natural scientists had increased from 10% of the 1950-1964 total to 20% of the total since 1965. Scientists and engineers from Asia had risen from 10% of a much smaller total in 1965 to 50% in 1970. Indian scientists and engineers admitted in 1970 numbered 2900, the largest group admitted from any country over the previous 20 yrs. Among 3800 born in one country but living elsewhere before entering the U.S. had been 740 born in the People's Republic of China and 620 born in India.
The number of foreign science and engineering students had increased from 56 800 in 1967 to 72 100 in 1970, with Asia the source of 50%. The number of recipients of doctorates of science and engineering from U.S. universities had grown 222% between 1960 and 1970. (NSF 72-312)
- 1973
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