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... the planet. The spacecraft then headed on toward a September 1979 encounter with Saturn. Pioneer 10 , launched 2 March 1972, had been the first spacecraft to reach Jupiter-3 Nov. 1973-9 ... -outermost of the five inner moons-and began returning its best pictures of Jupiter. On 2 Dec. Pioneer 11 crossed the orbits of Jupiter's four closest moons and entered the inner ... life. The five-year, 2.4-billion-km trip to Saturn would carry Pioneer-Saturn about 160 000 000 km above the orbit planes of most planets. Pioneer 11 was the first spacecraft ...

... to operate for 10 yrs. ''(Asher, W Post, 3/3/72, Al)'' March 2-24: NASA'S Pioneer 10 ( Pioneer-F ) Jupiter probe was launched from Eastern Test Range at 8:49 pm ... to Jupiter by nine hours. At 3:00 pm EST March 8, Pioneer 10 was 4 570000 km (2 840 000 mi) from earth traveling at 32 800 km per hr (20 ... , delayed arrival time by 21/2 hrs and moved arrival point at Jupiter about 6400 km (4000 mi) closer to planet. Maneuver was also attempt to fly Pioneer 10 behind Jupiter's ...

... manufactured by Lockheed. (ARC Release 82-05) ARC noted that Pioneer 10 had been in space 10 years as of March 2. Launched in 1972, the first spacecraft to fly by Jupiter ... of scientific data. Now more than halfway between orbits Uranus and Neptune, 2.5 billion miles from the Sun, Pioneer was currently defining the extent of the solar atmosphere, a bubble in ... data needed to define Pioneer's position. (ARC Release 82-04; NASA Release 82-34) February 1982 February March 1982 March Mar 1 1982 1 Mar 2 1982 2 Mar 3 1982 3 ...

... . A. Cross sums up the conditions which the first pioneers are likely to meet C. A. Cross 25 - REVIEWS 30 - - '''Volume 2 Number 2''' '''APRIL 1959''' - R.A. SMITH 34 - TOWARDS A COMMONWEALTH ... such as earthquakes and volcanoes? Alice Coleman 51 - KAZIMIERZ SIEMIENOWICZ—POLISH ROCKET PIONEER. One of the earliest of all pioneers in rocketry, K. Siemienowicz, is often forgotten. In this article we are ...

... unknown to Winkler) in his lifelong rocketry career. A typical thrust was almost five kg (2.2 lb.) for only 0.35 sec. Image:Winkler's_first_rocket_experiments.jpg thumb 200px ... ran the first of the important three-part article by the French aviation and astronautical pioneer, Robert Esnault-Pelterie titled, “Astronautics and Relativity Theory.” This appears to be the first usage ... , “Fahrtrouten,” Die Rakete, 15 May 1928, pp. 67-74; Fritz Sykora, “Guido von Pirquet - Austrian Pioneer of Astronautics,” in R. Cargill Hall, ed., ''History of Rocketry and Astronautics - Proceedings of the ...

... probe on 9 July 2001 but had lost contact with Pioneer 10 from August 2000 to April 2001. Pioneer 10 , launched on 2 March 1972, had been the first spacecraft to pass through ... in 1983, became the first object made by humans to leave the solar system. After Pioneer 10 ’s mission had ended on 31 March 1997, scientists with JPL’s Deep Space ... Early NASA Pioneer Still on the Job in Deep Space,” news release 02-44, 4 March 2002.) February 2002 February March 2002 March Mar 1 2002 1 Mar 2 2002 2 Mar 3 ...

... sun. Devised to study interplanetary space, PIONEER VI had telemetered 250 million readings from its six scientific instruments covering 3,300 separate measurements and taken 2.5 million readings of 100 engineering ... would be presented to American Geophysical Union meeting in Washington, D.C., April 19-22. Pioneer project was managed by ARC. ‘‘(NASA Release 66-43,)’’ Vice President Hubert Humphrey, accompanied by ...

... course would place Pioneer 11 at about the same distance from Saturn as the trajectory of Voyager 2 , if NASA should decide to use Saturn's gravity to hurl Voyager 2 toward Uranus. The outside trajectory would permit NASA to achieve the maximum science return for all three spacecraft. Pioneer 11 should reach Saturn in Sept. 1978. (AV Wk, Jan 2/78, 15; Lewis News, Jan 6/78, 2) President Carter's $100 million reduction ...

... fiction fandom honored Willy Ley as a person of excellence. ---- Willy Ley – Berliner, Rocket Pioneer, Space Historian by Dr. Wolfgang Both , Berlin "Ideas, like large Rivers, never have just ... im Shayol-Verlag, Berlin note 7 Bulletin, the American Interplanetary Society No. 2, 1930 (July), New York note 8 Wonder Stories: The Reader speaks, Sept. ...

... provide clues to an understanding of both. Observations of the Jupiter emissions had come from Pioneer 10 , which had passed Jupiter in Dec. 1973 and was now beyond the orbit of Saturn, and from Pioneer 11 , which had first passed Jupiter in Dec. 1974 and was scheduled to approach Saturn ... of Io on emerging from Jupiter's shadow had been attributed to particle activity. The 2 Voyager spacecraft to be launched this yr toward Jupiter and Saturn would be programmed to ...

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