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... . The two craft comprising Orbital Express— ASTRO and NextSat —had launched together in March 2007, to demonstrate ASTRO ’s ability to approach NextSat with limited interaction from the ground, to grapple the ... July, ASTRO had traveled approximately 250 miles (402 kilometers) away from NextSat , so that its sensor suite lost track of NextSat . ASTRO then required input from the ground-based network to help ...

... the protocol of its programmed fault-protection software, flying 120 meters (394 feet) away from NextSat to avoid inadvertently colliding with the satellite. However, thereafter, ASTRO had drifted approximately 6 kilometers (3.7 miles) away from NextSat , requiring ground observers’ intervention to help the two craft remate successfully. DARPA planned to conduct ...

... consisted of a robotic servicer called ASTRO and a fuel depot and client satellite called NextSat . The mission aimed to demonstrate in-orbit refueling and servicing. The test marked the first ... , ASTRO directed on-board guidance and navigation instruments to close in and to dock with NextSat , completing the mission’s objectives without input from ground controllers. The test was the third ...

... ) vehicle, developed by Boeing Integrated Defense Systems, and a prototype modular next-generation serviceable satellite, NextSat, developed by Ball Aerospace. The ASTRO vehicle is equipped with a robotic arm to perform ... mission scenarios were conducted, including visual inspection, fuel transfer, fly-around, rendezvous, and docking with NextSat. These scenarios were successfully completed by July 2007, with ASTRO’s onboard autonomy robot employing ...

... 250px Figure 13.1. The 2007 Orbital Express Mission: The Astro “Servicing” Spacecraft and Smaller NextSat. (Graphic Courtesy of NASA) This was then followed by the NASA Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM ...

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